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Appendix C TCP/IP Protocol 343

When you use an LMHOSTS file, be sure to keep it up to date and

organized following these guidelines:

• Update an LMHOSTS file whenever a computer is changed, added

to, or removed from the network.

• Because LMHOSTS files are searched one line at a time from the

beginning, list remote computers in priority order, with the ones used

most often at the top of the file. This increases the speed of searches

for the most often used LMHOSTS entries.

Advanced Concepts

If your network is large enough to use class A or B IP addresses, the

network may be divided into subnets. A subnet is a segment of a

network used to divide a network into more manageable groups.

Subnets may be based on different departments, the type of network

media connecting the computers, and so on.

Each subnet is identified by a specified portion of the node portion of

the IP address of each computer in the subnet. This portion of the IP

address is used as the network number for the subnet.

Using subnets, you divide the number of computers that can be placed

on a network over a number of subnets. This essentially translates the

IP address from 2 (network, node) to 3 (network, subnetwork, node)

divisions.

A subnet mask specifies which portion of the IP address should be used

as the network number for the subnet. The format of the subnet mask is

the same as the format for IP addressing:

For more information about the subnet mask, see the previous table. For

more information about how to define subnets in your network, see

Internetworking with TCP/IP, Volume I, by Douglas E. Comer

(Prentice Hall, 1991).

Microsoft TCP/IP uses a modified bnode implementation of RFC1001

and RFC1002 which implements both broadcast- and session-based

transmissions. The Microsoft implementation uses session transmission

(instead of broadcast transmission) whenever possible to reduce the

number of broadcasts, and thus reduce the network load.

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Cabletron Systems T2015 Guía de instalación Pagina 353